Swedish past tense verb conjugation

So we can continue on by repeating some words. So, do you remember how to say, "to speak"?

Att tala. And this was one of the first verbs we learnt. "To present" of course comes from presentation, documentation. How would you say "to present"?

Att presentera.

And we said you had other words like dokumentera. What did dokumentera mean? "To document". Informera. What does that mean? "To inform".

"To love", do you remember how to say "to love"?

Att älska. Att älska. Similarly, "to hate": Att hata. Hata. Hata means hate.

"To have" is att ha. Att ha.

"To document", we said, att dokumentera. "To inform", att informera. Okay, so we have all of these forms, all of these words now in the dictionary form: att tala. How would you make that into the changed present form, the one that you would use in the present form, like, "I speak"?

"I speak" would be "Jag talar", of course. So att tala becomes talar when you're using it in a sentence in the present. So, the same for presentera: presenterar. What about älska?

Älskar. Hatar for hate. Har. Dokumenterar. Informerar. For all of these verbs, a-r verbs, you simply add on the r so you get a-r: hatar, informerar, dokumenterar, and so forth.

So now we're going to do something interesting. We are going to think about the past instead of the present. So far, we've dealt only with words in the present.

However, now we're going to learn how to go back and to talk about things that you have done. And one way of doing that is to do just like in English, and use a word that will help you to travel back into the past. And this word that helps us to travel back into the past is the word have. Same word that we use for possession: have.

Har, in Swedish. So if you want to say, "I have spoken", you're talking about the past. So you don't say, "I have speak", you say, "I have spoken". So in English you have to change it, right? You get you have to make it into spoken. In Swedish you also have to change it.

And the way that you change it, is you say: jag har talat, talat. So how do you say, "you have spoken", to one person?

Du har talat.

What about he or she has spoken?

Han eller hon har talat. Eller is or. So han, hon har talat. Hon har talat, han har talat. What about it has spoken?

Den eller det har talat.

What about you, plural?

Ni har talat. And they have spoken? De har talat. And finally, we have spoken? Vi har talat.

So, unfortunately, not all verbs will follow that pattern. The -ar verbs will follow that pattern. So: talat, spoken. Älskat, loved. Like, I have loved. Hatat, hated.

So the -at you add on for all of the -ar verbs. Presenterat. Informerat, means to have informed. har informerat, have informed, har älskat, have loved, har hatat, have hated.

However, some words are irregular, just like in English. So, in English, you would say "I have been." In Swedish, you would say "jag har varit". It comes from att vara, and that becomes varit when you use it in the past: jag har varit.

So, of course, the remaining ones would be du har varit, han eller hon har varit, den eller det har varit, ni har varit for you guys. And then "they have been" would be de har varit.

And finally "we have been": vi har varit.

Another such word, which is also irregular, is the word for "do". So, "do" is göra. Jag gör: "I do". If you want to say "I have done", then you would need to say jag har gjort. Gjort.

Okay. So, what would "you have done" be?

Du har gjort. And we can go through the rest. So, han/hon har gjort, den/det har gjort, ni har gjort, de har gjort, vi har gjort.

Okay, so now let's see if you remember the word for yesterday. How do you say yesterday in Swedish?

I går. So, anytime you want to talk about today, yesterday and tomorrow, you always begin with i, i. So, i går is yesterday. I morgon is tomorrow, literally in-morning. And then today: i dag, literally in-day.

So, how do you say: I have informed Isak"? Jag har informerat Isak. Good. What about "How much have you documented?" And of course "documented", you can figure that out because you have dokumentera.

So how would you say that? How much have you documented?

Hur mycket har du dokumenterat?

Hur mycket har du dokumenterat?

Okay. So now we have this sentence: "Do you present today?" "No, I have presented already." To say "already" in Swedish, you would say redan. So you can think about "already", the "ready" part, and in Swedish it would be redan, redan.

So do the first part: "Do you present today?" How do you say that?

Okay. Then we do the second part: "No, I've presented already. I have presented already." So altogether: Presenterar du idag? Do you present today?

And then the answer: Nej, jag har presenterat redan.

And here you have an option. You can put the redan at the end: Jag har presenterat redan, or you could put the redan before the presenterat. So you can say: Nej, jag har redan presenterat.

I have already presented.

How would you say, "Have you"— meaning a lot of people— "Have you been with Josef?" And if you don't remember how to say "been", it's varit, har varit.

So altogether: Have you been with Josef?

Har ni varit med Josef? Har ni varit med Josef? And you may also, sometimes depending on the dialect, you may hear this as Har ni varit med Josef? as Har ni vart med Josef?

Yes, I have done it.

Ja, jag har gjort det.

And of course done is gjort, gjort.

It's one of those irregular ones: gjort.

Okay, so what was the word for house?

Hus. And of course it should be ett hus, a house. How do you say, "I have a house"? Very easy and straightforward.

Jag har ett hus.

If you ask a question, "Do you have a house?" Har du ett hus?

I have spoken already.

Jag har talat redan.

What about, "Have you informed Maria?" Have you informed Maria?

Har du informerat Maria? Same order as in English: Har du informerat Maria?

Okay, so to say "everything" in Swedish, everything, you would do just like in English. In English, it's two words: you have "every" and then you have "thing". So, "every thing": it means all. In Swedish, it would actually be very similar. So, "everything" would be allting.

"All things". That's how you would say it in Swedish, "all things". That means everything. So, how would you say, "They have documented everything"? They have documented everything.

De har dokumenterat allting. De har dokumenterat allting. Or you can say: allt. De har dokumenterat allt.