This lesson practises hemma in sentences like jag är hemma (I am at home) across different tenses. It also introduces ibland (sometimes), brukar (usually) and normalt (normally) for talking about habits, and the everyday phrase så här, meaning like this.
Vocabulary in this lesson
Transcript
The full transcript of this free lesson. Swedish lines have their English translation underneath.
Okay, so we said in Swedish "home" would be "hem", and we said there's a different word that's used if you want to convey the expression "at home". And what is that word?
hemma, hemma. So if you say "Jag är hemma", that means "I'm at home".
So how would you say, "I am home" or "I'm at home"?
Jag är hemma.
What about "He's home"?
Han är hemma.
"She's not home"?
Hon är inte hemma.
"She was home"?
So to say "was", you said "var".
Hon var hemma. And of course, "They were home", "De var hemma", and so forth. So we said there were two ways of going back to the past. One was "har talat", right, "har presenterat", or you could have said "presenterade", "talade". To say "been", "have been", you would say "har varit", "varit".
So to speak, you said "talat", in this case, it's "varit", "har varit", "has been". So how do you say, "She's been here"?
Hon har varit här. Hon har varit här. And you might hear this in some dialects as, "Hon har vart här, vart här". So if you hear that, it means "varit här". What about, "He has been there. He has been there"?
Han har varit där.
"He will be here"?
Han ska vara här, or "Han kommer vara här". which is closer to he is going to be here. Literally means he comes to be here. But of course it conveys the same meaning as he is going to be here. She will be there.
Hon ska vara där, or hon kommer vara där. And so we talked about how to say sometimes. Do you remember the word for sometimes?
Ibland, ibland. So if you want to say she is sometimes here, you would say hon är ibland här or hon är här ibland and put the sometimes in the end or earlier, that's optional. However if you want to talk about usually, like somebody does something habitually, so they're usually here or they're usually not here, you could use the word brukar, brukar.
And that's the changed form, att bruka, so brukar. So how would you say she is usually here?
Hon brukar vara här. So you don't need to say hon är brukar, because brukar is a verb which means usually, when somebody does something usually. So that would like translate more literally to like she usually be here. Brukar is a verb, so after that verb you put the dictionary form, so it should be vara.
So hon brukar vara här. She usually be here, or "she's usually here.
He is usually not here.
Han brukar inte vara här.
He used to be here. So here see if you can figure it out: he used to be here. So this is the past form of bruka. So think about tala or presentera. What happened to those words when we went to the past?
Yeah, so you got talade, you got presenterade. So how do you think you would get he used to be here?
Han brukade vara här. Han brukade vara här.
What about I used to eat bananas?
And of course bananas we had before. A banana is en banan, and if you want to talk about many bananas you say bananer, bananer.
So how do you say I used to eat bananas?
Jag brukade äta bananer.
So how do you pronounce "normal" in Swedish? It's the same word.
Normal. Normal. Good. So how do you say I'm normally at home? And think about what we did to "quickly" or "slowly", right?
What happened there? So we got "quick" was snabb. And to say "quickly", we said snabbt. So how do you think you'd say I am normally at home?
Jag är normalt hemma.
I'm normally at home, and it's like saying I'm usually at home. If you don't like to use brukar, you could get away with using "normally". So Jag är normalt hemma. Jag är normalt här. It's like saying I'm usually here, I'm normally here, you can say that in Swedish.
It is normally like this.
So to say "like this", there is one word. And it's så här. So "like this" is very useful when you're speaking Swedish because sometimes people like to throw these types of words out, so you say, "Well, I want it like this," "I did it like this." So it's very useful thing to say when you don't want to use a different expression.
So in this case to say "like this" in Swedish, it's not literally "like this", you would use a different term and you would say så här. Så här. And that would translate roughly the meaning of "like this": så här. So how do you say "it's normally like this"?
Det är normalt så här.
Det är normalt så här. Så här. So it's very informal type of speaking, but also very common.
So så här, it conveys the same meaning of "like this", "as such", "in this manner", and it gives that same type of feeling that is conveyed by those expressions. Okay, so if you want to say "it's normally", how would you say that?
Det är normalt. And you can continue on: "it's normally something something". Det är normalt.
What about if you want to say "it is normal"? "It is normal" and you're talking about an object, okay? So think about which "it" to use in Swedish.
Den är normal. And now you're sort of talking about an object, whereas in the one before it, we're talking very abstract: "it is normally". Well, it is What is this "it" referring to? You're talking about something in a very abstract way, whereas when you're talking about "it is normal", den är normal, if you would use that, it would sort of mean you're talking about a specific type of object.